Question 1

About Chandrayaan-3: 1. It landed near the lunar south pole. 2. Pragyan rover detected sulphur on lunar surface. 3. India became the fourth country to soft-land on the Moon. How many correct?

Accepted Answer

All three. All correct. Chandrayaan-3 landed near south pole (Aug 2023). Pragyan detected sulphur via LIBS. India joined US Russia China in soft-landing.

Question 2

Consider the following statements about ISRO's Mars Orbiter Mission (Mangalyaan): 1. It was launched using PSLV-C25. 2. India became the first country to successfully send a spacecraft to Mars in its first attempt. 3. The mission's primary objective was to study the Martian surface and mineral composition. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Accepted Answer

1 and 2 only. Statement 1 is correct - Mangalyaan was launched on PSLV-C25 on 5 November 2013. Statement 2 is correct - India became the first nation to reach Mars orbit on its maiden attempt. Statement 3 is incorrect - the primary objective was to develop technologies for interplanetary missions and study Martian atmosphere, not primarily surface and mineral composition.

Question 3

With reference to India's satellite navigation system, consider the following statements: 1. The system with an operational name NavIC covers the entire globe. 2. It has 7 satellites in orbit - 3 in geostationary and 4 in geosynchronous orbits. 3. It provides two types of services - Standard Positioning Service and Restricted Service. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Accepted Answer

2 and 3 only. Statement 1 is incorrect - NavIC (IRNSS) provides coverage over India and a region extending about 1500 km around it, not the entire globe. Statement 2 is correct - it has 3 satellites in GEO and 4 in inclined GSO. Statement 3 is correct - it provides SPS (open) and RS (encrypted for authorized users).

Question 4

Which of the following is/are the purpose(s) of 'Chandrayaan-1)' mission? 1. Preparing three-dimensional atlas of the Moon 2. Chemical and mineralogical mapping of the lunar surface 3. Study of water ice on the Moon Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Accepted Answer

1, 2 and 3. Chandrayaan-1 had multiple objectives: preparing a 3D atlas of the Moon using the Terrain Mapping Camera, chemical and mineralogical mapping using HySI and other payloads, and study of water ice - it indeed discovered water molecules on the lunar surface using the Moon Impact Probe and M3 instrument.

Question 5

Consider the following statements: 1. GSLV Mk III is designed to carry 4-tonne class of satellites into Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit. 2. GSLV Mk III uses indigenous cryogenic upper stage. 3. GSLV Mk III first successfully flew in 2017. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Accepted Answer

1, 2 and 3. All three statements are correct. GSLV Mk III (now called LVM3) is designed for 4-tonne class satellites to GTO. It uses the indigenously developed C25 cryogenic upper stage with CE-20 engine. Its first successful orbital flight (GSLV Mk III-D1) carrying GSAT-19 was on June 5, 2017.

Question 6

What is the purpose of the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS)?

Accepted Answer

To provide all-weather navigation services to users in India and its surrounding region. IRNSS (now NavIC) was designed specifically to provide accurate position information service to users in India and the surrounding region extending up to 1500 km from India's boundary. It provides all-weather, 24x7 navigation services.

Question 7

With reference to Chandrayaan-2 mission, consider the following statements: 1. It aimed to explore the South Pole of the Moon. 2. The mission consisted of an Orbiter, Lander (Vikram) and Rover (Pragyan). 3. It was launched by GSLV Mk III. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Accepted Answer

1, 2 and 3. All statements are correct. Chandrayaan-2 targeted the lunar South Pole (70 degrees south latitude), a region never explored before. It had three components: Orbiter (still operational), Lander named Vikram, and Rover named Pragyan. It was launched on July 22, 2019 by GSLV Mk III-M1.

Question 8

India successfully conducted an experiment to bring back a space capsule to earth (Space Capsule Recovery Experiment - SRE). What is the significance of this experiment? 1. India becomes third country to successfully recover an orbiting space capsule 2. The technology can be used for space-based manufacturing 3. SRE experiment is a step towards manned space missions Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Accepted Answer

2 and 3 only. India was not the third country - several countries had done it before. However, the SRE technology demonstrates capability for space-based manufacturing of materials in microgravity and is indeed a precursor technology for manned space missions as it validates re-entry and recovery capabilities.

Question 9

How many of the following statements regarding ISRO's Gaganyaan mission are correct? 1. It aims to send a three-member crew to Low Earth Orbit. 2. The crew module is designed to orbit at 400 km altitude. 3. The launch vehicle for Gaganyaan is GSLV Mk III (human-rated). 4. ISRO has named the humanoid robot sent for test flight as 'Vyommitra'. Select the correct answer:

Accepted Answer

All four. All four statements are correct. Gaganyaan aims for a 3-member crew to LEO at ~400 km for 5-7 days. The human-rated GSLV Mk III (HLVM3) is the launch vehicle. Vyommitra is the half-humanoid robot designed for uncrewed test flights to study microgravity effects.

Question 10

Consider the following statements about India's communication satellites: 1. GSAT series satellites are launched by GSLV. 2. INSAT system is one of the largest domestic communication satellite systems in the Asia-Pacific region. 3. EDUSAT was India's first satellite dedicated exclusively for educational purposes. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Accepted Answer

1, 2 and 3. All statements are correct. GSAT satellites are typically launched by GSLV (or procured launches from Arianespace). INSAT is indeed one of the largest domestic communication satellite systems in Asia-Pacific. EDUSAT (GSAT-3) launched in 2004 was India's first dedicated education satellite.

Science & Technology Previous Year Questions

Q1: About Chandrayaan-3: 1. It landed near the lunar south pole. 2. Pragyan rover detected sulphur on lunar surface. 3. India became the fourth country to soft-land on the Moon. How many correct?

Q4: Which of the following is/are the purpose(s) of 'Chandrayaan-1)' mission? 1. Preparing three-dimensional atlas of the Moon 2. Chemical and mineralogical mapping of the lunar surface 3. Study of water ice on the Moon Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Q5: Consider the following statements: 1. GSLV Mk III is designed to carry 4-tonne class of satellites into Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit. 2. GSLV Mk III uses indigenous cryogenic upper stage. 3. GSLV Mk III first successfully flew in 2017. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Q6: What is the purpose of the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS)?

Q7: With reference to Chandrayaan-2 mission, consider the following statements: 1. It aimed to explore the South Pole of the Moon. 2. The mission consisted of an Orbiter, Lander (Vikram) and Rover (Pragyan). 3. It was launched by GSLV Mk III. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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